Traditional Educational Institutions in Child Education in Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone is limited on the north-west, north and north-east by the Republic Guinea, on the south-east by the Republic of Liberia and on south-west by the Atlantic Ocean. It has a region of 27,925 square miles. The state of Sierra Leone began in the deal and cession in 1787 by local boss to English pioneers of a real estate parcel expected as a home for African pilgrims who were whithered strays in London and later it was utilized as a settlement for liberated African slaves. The hinterland was pronounced a British Protectorate on 21st August, 1896. Sierra Leone achieved freedom on 27th April, 1961 and turned into a Republic in 1971. Instruction is given by both private and state-supported schools. The present arrangement of training is 6-3-4-4 (that is six years Primary school, three years Junior Secondary School, four years Senior Secondary School and four years tertiary/advanced education. This framework is supplemented by non-formal training. 

Idea OF EDUCATION 

Training is habitually utilized in the feeling of guidance in the classroom, research facility, workshop or household science room and comprises essentially in the conferring by the instructor, and the obtaining by students, of data and mental and in addition manual aptitudes. A more extensive significance than guidance is that of tutoring. In other words all that goes ahead inside the school as a major aspect of the student's life there. It incorporates, in addition to other things, connection among students and instructors, understudies and understudies both in and outside the school. J. S. Factory (1931) opined that whatever shapes the person; to make the individual what he is or upset him from being what he isn't is a piece of his instruction. Verifiably training is deep rooted and universal; it is the whole of all impacts which go to make a man what he is, from birth to death. It incorporates the home, our neighbors, and the road among others. 

Instruction is to some degree an intentional arranged process formulated and directed by the instructor with the reason for permeating the student with certain data, aptitudes, of brain and body and in addition methods of conduct thought about alluring. Partially it is the student's own reaction to the earth in which he lives. Training has three central focuses: the individual/individual upon whom the instructor's persuasions are conveyed to tolerate; the general public or network to which he has a place; and the entire setting of reality inside which the individual and society have their impact. Man is a social animal; he develops as a man through the effect of identity on identity; and notwithstanding for his fundamental physical requirements he relies upon the assistance and collaboration of his kindred people. Without society and the shared help and enhancement of encounters which it gives human progress is outlandish and the life of man, in Hobbes' words, is "lone, poor, frightful, brutish and short." 

One of the basic realities of human presence is the strain between the draw of the past and the forward desire into the future, among security and change, custom and advancement. For successful living,man needs a hover of security, a zone of built up propensities and relationship which shapes trustworthy connections. This is likewise valid for society. For its compelling working there must be a fundamental congruity of customs and viewpoint which saves its way of life as a general public and protections it against the problematic impacts of progress. Change must be forever and not static but rather this adjustment thus should be controlled by the fundamental customs of society. It is custom which gives a country its character and uniqueness as a general public. The preservation of custom along these lines is clearly urgent. 

It has been perceived from time immemorial that the protection of conventional training has an indispensable part to play in the improvement of the youngster. The offspring of today are the grown-ups of tomorrow; they should be prepared in this manner, to acquire and sustain the convictions and methods of life impossible to miss to the specific culture to which they have a place. For each general public wants to save itself physically as well as network deliberately sharing certain points, beliefs and examples of conduct. This sort of training isn't really formal in schools by methods for classroom guidance yet that affected in a roundabout way through the family and through the effect on the person of social impacts and traditions which the youngster can't dodge. In Sierra Leone this social instruction included expand services of commencement including accomplishments of perseverance in which young fellows and ladies must substantiate themselves deserving of the network. A definitive objective was to create a person who was straightforward, conscious, gifted, helpful, and who could fit in with the social request of the day. As Aristotle once expressed "the constitution of a state will endure if training is dismissed. The natives of a state ought to dependably be instructed to suit the constitution of the state. The sort of character suitable to a constitution is the power which keeps on managing it as it is likewise the state constrain which initially made it" (p. I). 

Conventional EDUCATION IN SOCIETY 

Conventional instruction has both an inventive and protection work in the public eye; it is an intense methods for saving a general public's traditions, if not culture. In the past the nature and necessities of society had an essential impact in deciding the idea of instruction. Educator M.V.C. Jeffreys (1950) once wrote in his book, Glaucon, that "in a quiet society the instructive framework will have a tendency to mirror the social example, while social uneasiness and precariousness make open door for utilizing training as an instrument of social change"(p.7). A comparable view was shared by John Dewey (1897) who opined that through instruction society can figure its own motivations, can arrange its very own methods and assets and in this way spare itself with definiteness and economy toward the path in which it wishes to move. Instruction looks both to the past and the future; unavoidably it mirrors the customs and character of society. Customary instruction can be utilized to get ready for changes in the public arena and foresee and forestall changes or the impacts of changes in the public eye. 

Customary training saves and hands on the traditions and lifestyles which establish the character of a general public and keeps up its solidarity. It additionally causes society to decipher its capacities in better approaches to address the difficulties of progress, looking for ways or lines of advancement which are predictable with the conventions and traditions and will in the meantime raise society to a more total satisfaction of itself. 

Conventional EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN SIERRA LEONE 

History uncovers that there were no formal schools where kids were taught in Pre-provincial Sierra Leone. The Poro and Bondo/Sande Secret Societies were viewed as foundations to prepare kids. They were bramble schools. What's more, the training these shrubbery schools gave was casual. Kids who experienced these mystery social orders were viewed as equipped for doing their metro obligations. They progressed toward becoming grown-ups and can wed and begin life. They thought about themselves as one family. As such both Secret Societies made a feeling of comradeship and solidarity among individuals independent of family, faction or ethnic alliance. It was consequently viewed as that youngsters who had not experienced these mystery social orders were not completely developed. 

The Poro Secret Society is for young men. The profound leader of the Poro Society is Pa Gbonu, seen just by the more seasoned alumni or individuals. The physical heads are the Pa Sama Yorgbors and Pa Somanos. They coordinate the exercises of the organization. The senior educators are the Pa Kashis, who by and large instruct and offer directions to different initiators. The Pa Manchiyas fill in as educators to the starts while the Kachemas are the terrifying spirits. They panic the ladies and youngsters alike together with the new starts. The Rakas are the errand young men bearing messages. The Yambas are the head young men. The Bomos are the senior officials while the Sayboms are the consuls; and the screens are the Gbanaboms. Casual classes are held in the Secret Poro Bush. The subjects educated incorporate Creative Practical Arts, Performing Arts, Practical Agriculture, Medicine i.e. utilization of nearby herbs for the treatment of various afflictions), fighting and different abilities. In Creative Practical Arts starts are instructed how to make angling nets, bins, tangles, and cutting wood and cleanser stones into various questions, for example, creatures and people; in Performing Arts starts are shown singing, moving and the utilization of Poro melodic instruments. In Practical Agriculture starts work on cultivating. Young men are educated to hold up under hardship without grievance and become used to it. In this way they are taken to the ranches of their educators and older folks to chip away at expert bono premise. Anyway amid the gather season starts could go through these homesteads taking whatever they require and eat without being addressed by ranch proprietors. Starts are educated to regard senior citizens and utilization of firearms to murder creatures. In a comparative vein starts are instructed how to utilize firearms in battling with regards to their networks. Different abilities starts are educated incorporate making fish traps, angling and chasing net, and basketry. In the utilization of herbs starts pay cash (some openly given) for recuperating different afflictions and additionally for insurance against adversaries, detestable spirits and snake nibbles. Starts who need to make hurt others utilizing herbs could 'recover' the herb/medication concerned. Over all starts are trained another Language talked just by individuals called Ke Sornor. For instance fonka trika meaning I am conversing with you; fonka bonomi importance Talk to me. The utilization of this new Language makes graduates extremely glad and feel not the same as non-starts. Graduates turn out with new names, for example, Lamp, Langba and Kolerr. A graduation service peaks the occasion. 

Guardians make huge arrangements including sewing dresses for the alumni. T